It’s important to get a proper diagnosis, because acne can also look similar to other skin conditions, such as chronic rosacea and folliculitis, which may be associated with the development of small bumps and pustules. Patients can begin by having a consultation with a board-certified dermatologist to get a diagnosis and work with them to put together an acne treatment plan that’s right for them.

Several types of medications and therapies have been shown to help clear up symptoms by addressing the underlying causes of the condition. Hudson Dermatology often recommends non-prescription over-the-counter medications containing adapalene, benzoyl peroxide, or salicylic acid, or others containing ingredients that target bacteria and inflammation for reducing flare-ups of the disorder. Stronger prescription medications may often be needed for more than the mildest forms of acne. Depending on the severity of your condition, one or a combination of acne treatments may be used.

Oral isotretinoin, also known as Accutane, is a powerful oral medication that’s a naturally occurring retinoid—meaning it’s a derivative of vitamin A. This prescription medication is commonly used as a treatment for moderate types, severe cystic acne, or a condition that has persisted for several months and hasn’t improved with other acne treatments, but it can also be very effective on other types of flare-ups. Most patients will need to use Accutane for four to six months for optimal results. This medication, which is a type of retinoid, reduces the production of oil by shrinking oil glands. The tablets begin to work within a week to 10 days. This is a safe and very effective therapy that is commonly used by the experienced dermatologists at Hudson Dermatology.

Although they may not be as effective as Accutane, other types of topical retinoids that are used daily can improve the appearance of several forms of the problem. These help to keep pores clear by removing blockages. Prescription-strength retinoid creams or gels work best for milder acne.

This treatment is ideal for improving mild to moderate inflammatory types and cystic acne in just a few treatment sessions without the need for harsh chemicals, topical treatments, or oral medications.

Chemical peels involve the application of a chemical to remove the layer of damaged or dead skin from the surface, thus unclogging pores and oil glands. A new layer of healthier, smoother skin grows in to take its place, minimizing the appearance of acne scars.

Other types of laser treatments can also help to provide relief for spots, redness, and acne scars. Lasers are primarily used to diminish the appearance of scars. They work by triggering the body’s wound healing process to encourage the production of new, healthy collagen. New skin is rebuilt to replace the scarred areas.

Another way of managing this condition is with occasional cortisone or corticosteroid injections to keep inflammation down and accelerate healing. These shots also reduce swelling and pain associated with cystic acne and quickly shrink cysts. Cysts and nodules are injected directly with a small amount of a steroid.

A dermatologist may prescribe any of a number of other oral and topical antibiotics to combat breakouts, as well as topical dapsone or topical azelaic acid. As you can see, there are many different options when it comes to acne treatments. Since the problem is so common—impacting millions and millions of people—there is a range of solutions in order to provide truly customized care.

Hudson Dermatology provides support for many types of both medical and cosmetic skin conditions, including eczema, psoriasis, and vitiligo. To develop a comprehensive treatment plan that’s tailored to the patient’s needs, start with a consultation and proper diagnosis.

For more information about acne, visit the American Academy of Dermatology’s page on the condition.